5.9J: Society in the Industrial Age
AP Theme
Social Interactions and Organization
Learning Objective 5J
Explain how industrialization caused change in existing social hierarchies and standards of living.
Historical Development 1
New social classes, including the middle class and the industrial working class, developed.
Historical Development 2
While women and often children in working class families typically held wage-earning jobs to supplement their families’ income, middle-class women were increasingly limited to roles in the household or roles focused on child development.
Historical Development 3
The rapid urbanization that accompanied global capitalism led to challenges, including pollution, poverty, increased crime, public health crises, housing shortages, and insufficient infrastructure to accommodate urban growth.